?????? ??????? ???????? (Natural calamity Disaster Management ) ???? – ???????

1._____________ is a event which causes enormous physical damage to property, loss of life and change in the environment.

1. a) Hazard b) Disaster
2. c) Recovery d) mitigation

???????????, ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?????

a)???? ������������������������������������������������ b)???????

c)?????? ������������������������������������������������ d)?????????????????

SOLUTION: A disaster can be generally defined as �A serious disruption in the society causing widespread material, economic, social or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources�. Disaster impacts may include loss of life, injury, disease and other negative effects on human physical, mental and social well-being, together with damage to property, destruction of assets, loss of services, social and economic disruption and environmental degradation. Hazards are termed as Disasters when they cause widespread destruction of property and human lives.

“?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????, ?????????, ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????”. ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????????, ?????, ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ????, ?? ??????? ???? ?????????, ?????? ?????, ????? ???????????, ????????? ??????, ???? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ???????. ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????????? ???? ????????

2. Activities that reduce the effects of disaster
3. a) Preparation b) Response
4. c) Mitigation d) Recovery

????????? ?????????????????? ????????????

1. a) ????? ???? b)?????
2. c) ????????????????? d)?????? ????

SOLUTION:

Mitigation embraces all measures taken to reduce both the effects of the hazard itself and the vulnerable conditions to it, in order to reduce the scale of a future disaster.

????????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????????????? ????????????????.

3. A sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth�s crust is called an _____________
4. a) Tsunami b) Earthquake
5. c) Fire d) Cyclone

??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ————- ?? ????????????????

a)??????����� ������������� b)???? ?????????

c)????????� � � � � � � � � � d)???????

SOLUTION:

A sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth crust is called as earthquake.

??? ?????? ???? ?? (???? ??) ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????????????

4. A sudden overflow of water in a large amount caused due to heavy rainfall is called _____________
5. a) Flood b) Cyclone
6. c) Drought d) Seasons

?? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????????? ———- ?? ????????????????

a)??????? �������������������������������������� b)???????

c)??????� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � d)???? ????????

SOLUTION: Sudden overflow of water in a large amount caused due to heavy rainfall, cyclone, melting of snow, Tsunami or a dam burst.

????? , ?????, ??? ????????, ?????????? (??????) ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????.

5. Road accidents can be avoided by permitting the persons who have _____________ is allowed to drive vehicle
6. a) Ration card b) License
7. c) Permission d) Documents

———— ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ????????? ????????????

a)????? ?????����������� b)???????? ??????

c)??????� � � � � � � � � � � � d)????????

SOLUTION: Road accidents can be avoided by permitting the persons only who have license are allowed to drive. Learn, preach and practice safety rules during walking and driving along the road.

???? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????????, ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????, ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ????????.

6.Match the following:

I. Earthquake	1. Gigantic waves
II. Cyclone	2. Creak / Fault
III. Tsunami	3. Uneven rainfall
IV. Industrial accident	4. Eye of the storm
V. Drought	5. Carelessness

?????????

1	???? ?????????	1.?????? ??????
2	???????	2.?????
3	??????	3.?????? ???
4	?????????? ???????	4.??????? ???
5	??????	5.?????????

1. a) 2,3,4,1,5 b) 4,2,1,5,3
2. c) 2,4,1,5,3 d) 3,2,1,5,4

SOLUTION: None

7. Consider the following statement and tick the appropriate answer

Assertion (A): In the modern world we can�t live happing every day.

Reason (R): Due to pollution and environmental degradation we are undergoing natural hazard and Disaster

1. a) A and R are correct and A explains R
2. b) A and R are correct but A does not explain R
3. c) A is not correct but R is correct
4. d) Both A and R are in correct

????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????

??????(A): ???? ????????? ???????????? ?? ????????.

??????(R): ???????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????????

a)?????? ??????? ?????? ??? : ?????? ???????? ????????????.

b)?????? ??????? ?????? ??? :?????? ???????? ????????????

c)?????? ???? ?????? ???

1. d) ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????

SOLUTION: A and R are correct but A does not explain R

8. Assertion (A) Sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth�s crust is called an Earthquake

Reason (R): Movement of the tectonic plates, mass wasting, surface fault all leads to earthquake

1. a) A and R are correct and A explains R
2. b) A and R are correct but A does not explain R
3. c) A is in correct but R is correct
4. d) Both A and R are in correct

??????(A): ��?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????

??????(R): ?????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ??????????????

1. a) ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? : ?????? ???????? ????????????.
2. b) ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? :?????? ???????? ????????????
3. c) ?????? ???? ?????? ???
4. d) ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????

SOLUTION: A and R are correct and A explains R

9.Abbrevation for INCOIS

INCOIS-?? �???????????

a)Inter National Center for ocean information services

b)Indian National Center for ocean information services

1. c) Inter National Center for ocean informative system

d)Indian National Central ocean informative systems

SOLUTION: Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services

10.Flood that occur within six hours is

a)Coastal floods �������������������� b)River floods

c)Flash floods ����������������������� ����������� d)None of the above

??? ??? ????????????? ???????? ???????????????

a)??????? ???????????????

b)????? ???????????????

c)?????? ???????????????

d)???????? ???????????

SOLUTION: Flash floods that occur within six hours

??? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????

11._______ percentage of nitrogen is present in the air.

???????? ???? ?????????? ???????

78. a) 78.09% ����������� b) 74.08%
79. c) 80.07% d) 76.63%

SOLUTION: Atmosphere is a layer of gasses that surrounds the earth. It is made up of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.03% carbon dioxide and a very small percentage of with water vapor. It protects the earth from the harmful UV rays of the sun

?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????. ??? 78% ????????, 21% ????????, 0.9% ???????, ??????? 0.03% ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????. ??? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ????????????????? ???????? ?????????????

12.Tsunami in Indian ocean took place in the year ___________.

???????? ???????????? ??????___________??? ??????? ?????????.

1. a) 1990 b) 2004
2. c) 2005 d) 2008

SOLUTION: ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? 2004 ??? ????? ???????? ????? 26 ??? ????

Tsunami caused by the Indian Ocean earthquake on December 26, 2004

13.The word tsunami is derived from __________ language.

1. a) Hindi �b) French
2. c) Japanese �d) German

?????? ???? ????_______________?????????????? ???????????.

1. a) ?????? b) ????????
2. c) ???????? d) ???????

SOLUTION:

� � � � � � � �

14.The example of surface water is

1. a) Artesian well �b) Ground water
2. c) Subsurface water d) Lake

???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????????????????.

1. a) ?????????? ????? b) ???????? ????
2. c) ????????? ???? d) ??????

SOLUTION: Surface water is any body of water found on the Earth�s surface, including both the saltwater in the ocean and the freshwater in rivers, streams, and lakes.?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????.

15.Event that occurs due to the failure of monsoons.

1. a) Condensation b) Drought
2. c) Evaporation d) Precipitation

??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????.

1. a) ??? ??????????? b) ??????
2. c) ???????? d) ????? ??????

SOLUTION: A drought is an event of prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric (below-average precipitation), surface water or ground water

?????? ?????? ???????? (???????????? ??????? ???????????), ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ??? ???????????.

16.Match the following

?????????

1. a) 2,3,5,1,4 b) 4,3,2,5,1
2. c) 4,2,1,5,3 d) 3,1,5,2,4

SOLUTION: None

17.Which of the following is the major cause of pollution?

1. a) Plants ����������� b) Man
2. c) Fungi ����������� d) Hydrocarbons

???????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ????

1. a) ??????? ��������������� b) ??????
2. c) ?????? d) ????????????????

SOLUTION: Hydrocarbons are nonbiodegradable pollutants. They are a type of secondary pollutants. They are very dangerous for life. Hydrocarbons are produced naturally as well as due to incomplete combustion of the fuels. They are the major cause of respiratory disorders. Man used fuel for their own purpose with releases harmful gasses and causes pollution

???????????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????. ??? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??????????????. ??? ???????????? ??????? ?????????. ???????????????? ?????????????, ?????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????????????. ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????????, ?????????? ????????????????

18. During disaster consider the most appropriate from the given below.
    a) Think that the life is more valuable
    b) Think that things are more valuable
    c) Think that life and things are equally valuable
    d) Think that life is less valuable than things.

????????? ???? ????????????????? ????????????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ?

a)????? ??????? ????????????

b)????????? ??????? ????????????

c)????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????????

d)????? ????????? ??????? ????????????

SOLUTION: Think that the life is more valuable

????? ??????? ????????????

19.Which of the following is the highest risk of disasters?

1. a) Volcanic eruption b) Earthquakes
2. c) Flood d) Glacier collapse
   ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????a) ?????? ???????? b) ??????????????
   c) ???????� � � � � � � �d) ??????????? ?????

SOLUTION: Earthquake: The sudden release of stored elastic energy in the earth�s lithosphere, caused by its abrupt movement or fracturing along zones of preexisting geological weakness and resulting in the generation of seismic waves

????????: ???????? ??????????????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????, ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????

20. In the E-waste generated by the Mobile Phones, which among the following metal is most abundant?
    a) Copper ����������� b) Silver
    c) Palladium ����������� �d) Gold

??????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????????????

1. a) ??????? �b) ??????
2. c) ???????? �d) ??????

SOLUTION: The sources of e-waste are faulty desktop computers, cables, printers, refrigerators, air conditioners, televisions, electronic and electrical devices. E-waste generated by the Mobile Phones are copper, silver, gold, palladium. Among them copper is found abundantly.

?-?????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ????????, ?????????, ??????????????, ?????????? ?????????, ??? ????????????, ???????????????, ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????. ?????? ????????????? ??????????????? ???? ???????? ???????, ??????, ??????, ??????????. ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????

21.Earthquakes above magnitude ———- on the Richter scale are very dangerous.

??????? ???????? ———- ???? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????.

a)0 b) 8.0
c)0 d) 9.0

SOLUTION:

22. The �thickness� of Stratospheric Ozone layer is measured in/on:
    a) Sieverts units ����������� b) Dobson units
    c) Melson units ����������� d) Beaufort Scale

???????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????????

1. a) ????????? ???? b) ???????? ????
2. c) ??????? ???? d) ???????? ????????

SOLUTION: The ozone layer was discovered in 1913 by the French physicists Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson. Its properties were explored in detail by the British meteorologist G. M. B. Dobson, who developed a simple spectrophotometer (the Dobsonmeter) that could be used to measure stratospheric ozone from the ground. Between 1928 and 1958 Dobson established a worldwide network of ozone monitoring stations, which continue to operate to this day. The �Dobson unit�, a convenient measure of the columnar density of ozone overhead, is named in his honour.

????? ??????? 1913 ??? ???????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????????????????. ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??. ???. ??. ??????? ??????? ???????????, ???? ??? ???? ???????????????????????? (???????????????) ?????????????, ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????????????. 1928 ??????? 1958 ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????, ??? ???????? ????????? ????????????. ????? ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????? �??????? ??????� ????? ??????? ??????????????.

23.Which tool is used to learn about volcanic eruptions?

1. a) Millibar b) isobar
2. c) Pressure gauge d) Tiltmeter

?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ????

a) ??????????� � � b) ???????
c) ??????????� d) ??????????

SOLUTION: A small container of liquid shows how much the ground moves. The tiltmeters are connected to computers that monitor ongoing changes in the landscape. Changes in the landscape and deformations at ground level are often predictors of volcanic activity. Magma movements beneath the ground can cause visible bulging and hollows to form. These changes offer vital clues about volcanic activity under the ground

?????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????????. ???????????????? ????????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????. ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????????????. ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????. ???? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????

24.A method called ——— scale is used to estimate seismic waves.

1. a) Richter b) Pressometer
2. c) Barometer d) Seismic

????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ———???? ???? ???? ????????????.

a) ??????? b) ??????????
c) ???? ??????? d) ????????

SOLUTION: The Richter scale is an outdated method for measuring magnitude that is no longer used by the USGS for large, teleseismic earthquakes

??????? ???????? ???? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????, ??? ??.???.??.??????? ?????, ?????????? ??????????????? ??? ?????????????????

25.Where is the Tsunami Warning Center located in India?

1. a) Hyderabad b) Kolkata
2. c) Mumbai d) Chennai

??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????????????.

a)?????????� � � � � � � � b)?????????

c)??????���������������� ����� d)??????

SOLUTION: The Ministry of Earth Sciences took up the responsibility of establishing the Indian Tsunami Early Warning System (ITEWS). The ITEWS was established in 2007 and is based at & operated by Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad.

?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? (ITEWS) ????????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????????????. ITEWS 2007 ??? ?????????????, ??? ????????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? (INCOIS) ?????? ??????.

26.In what year was the National Agricultural Commission launched?

????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????????.

a) 1974 b) 1970

c) 1978 d) 1980

SOLUTION: National Agricultural Commission launched in 1970

????? ???????? ?????? 1970 ?????? ??????????????.

27.One among the following is not the first responder in case of a disaster.

1. a) Police officers ����������� b) firefighters
2. c) Insurance agents d) Emergency medical technicians

????????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????

1. a) ????????? b) ????????? ????????
2. c) ?????????? ????????? d) ???? ?????????? ????

SOLUTION:

insurance agents/ ?????????? ?????????

28. How is a hurricane called in the United States because it spirals and forms a funnel-shaped cloud?a) Hurricanes b) Twister
    c) Joyd d) Map

?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????.

a) ??????????????? b) ?????????
c) ????????� d) ????

SOLUTION: The windstorm is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone although the word cyclone is used in meteorology to name a weather system with a low-pressure area in the center around which, from an observer looking down toward the surface of the earth, winds blow counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern. Tornadoes come in many shapes and sizes, and they are often visible in the form of a condensation funnel originating from the base of a cumulonimbus cloud, with a cloud of rotating debris and dust beneath it

????? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????????????????, ??????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????????, ??? ??? ???????????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????????, ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????. ?????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ?????????

29.What is a rotating air volume with extreme rotation called?

1. a) Counter-storm ���������������� b) storms
2. c) Pirates ���������������� d) Hurricanes????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????????a) ????? ???????????� � � � b) ????????c) ???????????� � � � � d) ???????????????

SOLUTION: Depending on its location and strength, a tropical cyclone is referred to by different names, including hurricane tropical storm, cyclonic storm, tropical depression, and simply cyclone

??? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ??????? ?????, ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????????????.

30.How long before a hurricane forecast is announced

1. a) 24 hours ��������������� �b) 48 hours
2. c) 60 hrs ���������������� �d) 74 hrs

??????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????????????

1. a) 24 kzp ?????� � � � b) 48 kzp ?????
2. c) 60 kzp ????? ������� d) 74 kzp ?????

SOLUTION:

Tropical storm watches are issued when gale and storm force winds of between 34 and 63 knots are possible, within 48 hours in a specified area in association with a tropical, subtropical or post-tropical cyclone

??????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ????????? 48 ??? ?????????????, 34 ????? 63 ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????????????.

Answers:

1	b	11	a	21	c
2	c	12	b	22	b
3	b	13	c	23	d
4	a	14	d	24	a
5	b	15	b	25	a
6	c	16	b	26	b
7	b	17	d	27	c
8	b	18	a	28	b
9	b	19	b	29	d
10	c	20	a	30	b

 

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